Mistake Master

Derivative Rules: Constant, Sum, Difference, and Constant Multiple AB & BC

Differentiation is linear: constants have derivative 0, a constant multiplier passes through unchanged, and a sum or difference is differentiated one term at a time with the signs preserved. So $\frac{d}{dx}[3x^5 - 2x^2 + 7x - 9] = 15x^4 - 4x + 7$. Expressions that are not already sums of powers are rewritten first, splitting a single-term denominator or treating a constant denominator as a constant multiple.

The slips are arithmetic and scope. A coefficient gets dropped or multiplied wrongly, a trailing constant survives into the answer, or only the leading term is differentiated while the rest are copied down. And linearity gets stretched onto operations it does not cover: a product or quotient handled term by term, or a term such as $2^x$ pushed through the power rule because the sum rule delivered it.

RULE STATEMENT WHAT IT COSTS YOU constant d/dx[c] = 0 the term vanishes constant multiple d/dx[c f] = c f′ c survives untouched sum d/dx[f + g] = f′ + g′ one term at a time difference d/dx[f - g] = f′ - g′ the sign is preserved no such rule for products or quotients: with f = g = x, (fg)′ = 2x while f′g′ = 1
Four rules, one property. Differentiation is linear, and linearity stops at multiplication.
TERM DERIVATIVE WHAT HAPPENED 3x⁵ 15x⁴ 3 × 5 = 15 - 2x² - 4x the minus sign is kept + 7x + 7 d/dx[x] = 1 - 9 0 gone: a shift changes no slope total: 15x⁴ - 4x + 7
Four terms in, three terms out. The constant does not shrink; it disappears.

The work

3 ways in · any order
Lesson
Derivative Rules: Constant, Sum, Difference, and Constant Multiple

Runs the constant, constant multiple, sum and difference rules across polynomials, rewrites single-term denominators and constant denominators into power form, and marks the boundary where linearity stops and the product and quotient rules begin.

Skill check · 10 scenarios
Diagnostic
10-item topic check

Ten items spanning the two failure modes of this topic: dropping or mis-multiplying a coefficient, leaving a constant term alive in the answer, or differentiating only part of a sum, and stretching the power rule onto a term the sum rule merely handed you.

Not yet available · 10 items
Targeted Practice
Drill a single misconception

Pick one of the failure modes you missed and drill it on its own. The round is adaptive: two correct in a row clears the misconception and moves you to the next.

Take the diagnostic to identify your misconceptions