Mistake Master

Defining the Derivative of a Function and Using Derivative Notation AB & BC

Leaving the point free turns the derivative at a point into a derivative function, $f'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0}\frac{f(x+h) - f(x)}{h}$, whose output at each input is the slope of the tangent there. Computing it takes the same four steps every time: expand, subtract, cancel the $h$, take the limit. Once $f'$ is known, any $f'(a)$ follows by substitution, and the domain of $f'$ can be smaller than the domain of $f$.

Two things go wrong. The quotient itself gets malformed, with a denominator that is an input rather than a change, a limit variable that does not match, or the $h$ left uncancelled so the limit is taken too early. And the notation gets confused: answering with $f'(x)$ when a number $f'(a)$ was asked for, treating $\frac{dy}{dx}$ as a fraction to split, or reading $\frac{d}{dx}[f(x)]$ at a point as a value of $f$ rather than a slope.

NAMES A FUNCTION NAMES A NUMBER f′(x) dy/dx d/dx [ f(x) ] y′ f′(2) dy/dx at x = 2 d/dx [ f(x) ] at x = 2 y′(2) valid at every x Leibniz keeps x an instruction needs y = f(x) one slope evaluate here same number same number answering the left column when the right was asked for is the commonest notation slip
Every symbol here names one of two objects. Deciding which one the question wants comes before any computation.
horizontal tangent at x = 2 f(x) = x² - 4x f′(x) = 2x - 4 f′ crosses zero here f′ negative: f falling f′ positive: f rising the height of the lower graph is the slope of the upper one, read at the same x
Drawn to scale. A height on the derivative graph is never a value of f: it is a slope of f.

The work

3 ways in · any order
Lesson
Defining the Derivative of a Function and Using Derivative Notation

Turns the rate at a single point into a derivative function, runs the four-step computation from the definition on a polynomial and a reciprocal, and sorts out which notations name a function and which name a number at a point.

Skill check · 10 scenarios
Diagnostic
10-item topic check

Ten items spanning the two failure modes of this topic: a difference quotient written with the wrong increment, denominator or limit, and notation confusion between the derivative function and its value at a point.

Not yet available · 10 items
Targeted Practice
Drill a single misconception

Pick one of the failure modes you missed and drill it on its own. The round is adaptive: two correct in a row clears the misconception and moves you to the next.

Take the diagnostic to identify your misconceptions