Atomic Structure & Properties

Eight topics on what atoms are made of and how that structure surfaces as measurable properties. The mole as the bridge between mass and count, mass spectra and average atomic mass, the composition of pure substances and mixtures, electron configurations and the photoelectron spectra that reveal them, the periodic trends that follow, and how valence electrons build ionic compounds.

Topics

1.1

Moles and Molar Mass

Mass Spectrometry of Elements

Elemental Composition of Pure Substances

Composition of Mixtures

Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration

Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Periodic Trends

Valence Electrons and Ionic Compounds

Lesson

Diag

locked

Equations For every problem in this unit

Moles from mass

n = m / M

Particles from moles

N = n × N_A

Avogadro's number

N_A = 6.022 × 10²³ mol⁻¹

Average atomic mass

Ā = Σ (isotope mass × fractional abundance)

Mass percent of an element

% = (mass of element / molar mass) × 100%

Empirical formula

divide each mole amount by the smallest, then scale to whole numbers

Unit 1 tools

Challenge bank

1 / 60

60 open-ended problems.

Read the question, work it out, then flip the card to compare your reasoning to the worked solution. Mark each card so you can return to the ones that still bite.

Question

Tap card to reveal explanation

Worked solution

Tap card to return to question

Cumulative assessment

Test the unit.

Twenty mixed items pulled from across all 8 topics. Identifies which misconceptions still bite when you cannot see which topic the question came from.