Mistake Master

Electric Charge and Electric Force

Charge comes in two signs, is conserved by every charging process, and is quantized in units of $e$. The force between two point charges has magnitude $F = k|q_1||q_2|/r^2$, directed along the line joining them: toward each other for unlike charges, apart for like ones. The absolute values are deliberate, because the sign of a charge product is not a direction and cannot know which way $+x$ points.

Three errors dominate. Reading a direction off the signed product instead of off the geometry, which scrambles as soon as a third charge joins. Scaling the force as $1/r$ rather than $1/r^2$, so doubling the separation halves instead of quarters. And handing the larger charge the larger force, when $F = k|q_1||q_2|/r^2$ is symmetric in the two charges and only the accelerations differ. A fourth, quieter one is writing $k$ and $\varepsilon_0$ into the same expression, which double-counts a single constant.

magnitude from the formula, direction from the picture + unlike: arrows point toward each other + + like: arrows point apart both pairs: same |q1|, |q2|, r, so the SAME magnitude k|q1||q2| / r² the signs changed the arrows, not the number
Swapping a sign rotates the arrows through 180 degrees and leaves the magnitude untouched. That is the whole content of the absolute-value bars.
F r r 2r 3r F F / 4 F / 9 NOT F / 2 and F / 3 that curve is U and V, not F and E
Doubling the separation quarters the force. The 1/r curve is real, but it belongs to potential energy and potential, one rung down the ladder.

The work

Lesson live · diagnostic and drills coming soon
Lesson
Electric Charge and Electric Force

Separates the magnitude of Coulomb's law from its direction, drills the inverse-square scaling against the 1/r forms that come later, and settles why the larger charge does not exert the larger force.

Skill check · 10 scenarios
Diagnostic
10-item topic check

Ten items spanning the failure modes of this topic: reading a direction off a signed charge product, scaling the force as 1/r, handing the bigger charge the bigger force, and double-counting Coulomb's constant. Take it cold to find which one is yours, or after the lesson to confirm it is not.

Not yet available · 10 items
Targeted Practice
Drill a single misconception

Pick one of the failure modes you missed and drill it on its own. The round is adaptive: two correct in a row clears it for now and moves you to the next. Two in a row is a checkpoint, not proof: if the error resurfaces later, the misconception comes back.

Unlocks from the diagnostic, which is not published yet