Two Dials Obey. Two Dials Rebel.

You'll learnto predict how four constants move and stretch a parent graph.

Every transformed function is a parent with four dials attached. The two outside constants do exactly what they say to the outputs. The two inside constants act on the inputs and run backward from the notation. Watch one landmark point travel through each dial, and watch the single error that beats all the others: reading a shift before factoring.

8 STEPS · 6 QUICK CHECKS · OUTSIDE · INSIDE · FACTOR FIRST · v2

outside obeys · inside reverses

Before you start

What you're looking at

A parent graph with one landmark point marked, ready to move.

The question

Where does that one point go under f(x)+3, and then under f(x−3)?

Watch for

Outside changes act on the output as written; inside changes act on the input and run backward — factor before reading a shift.

Step 1 / 8